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The life cycle of Chondrus crispus. A nonmotile spermatium fertilises the carpogonium which is retained on the female gametophytic thallus (syngamy). Within the cystocarp, the zygote is mitotically amplified potentially liberating thousands ofgenetically identical diploid carpospores following a single fertilisation event. The diploid carpospores produce the diploid free-living tetrasporophyte. Meiosis occurs in thetetrasporophyte, releasing haploid tetraspores which form the free-living female and male gametophytes. (See the colour plate.)