·GLOSSARY 名词解释

英文原版，由曾一航搬运(尚未完工），以供查阅

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abdomen (ab′-dō-mən). Portion of a vertebrate body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis; portion of an arthropod body posterior to the thorax or cephalothorax.

abiotic (ā′bī-ät′ik) (Gr. a, without, + biōtos, life, livable). Characterized by the absence of life.

abomasum (ab′ō-mā′səm) (L. ab, from, + omasum, paunch). Fourth and last chamber of the stomach of ruminant mammals.

aboral (ab-o′rəl) (L. ab, from, + os, mouth). A region of an animal opposite the mouth. aboral sense organ In ctenophores, a balance organ (statocyst) at the opposite side of the body from the mouth.

abscess (ab′ses) (L. abscessus, a going away). Dead cells and tissue fluid confined in a localized area, causing swelling. absorb In a cell or tissue, acquire a nutrient moved from blood through pores.

abyssal plain (ə-bis′-əl plān′). An offshore seafloor with submarine channels and hills averaging 4000 m in depth but descending to 11,000 m below the sea surface.

acanthodians (a′kan-thō′dē-əns) (Gr. akantha, prickly, thorny). Group of jawed fishes, characterized by large spines in their fins, from Lower Silurian to Lower Permian.

acanthor (ə-kan′thor) (Gr. akantha, spine or thorn, + or). First larval form of acanthocephalans in the intermediate host.

accessory (branchial) heart .In cephalopod molluscs, an arterial muscle that increases blood pressure into the capillaries of a gill.

accessory (coreceptor) molecule On a T cell, a transmembrane protein that enables a T-cell receptor to bind a specific antigen.

accessory organ or accessory sex organ Any structure, other than a gonad (= primary organ), that serves primarily to produce or to deliver a germ cell (e.g., yolk gland, oviduct, vas deferens), or to provide nourishment of the developing offspring by the mother (e.g., placenta, uterus).

acclimatization (ə-klī′mə-tə-za′-shən) (L + Gr. klima, climate). Gradual physiological adjustment of an organism in response to relatively long-lasting environmental changes.